When lors

que or quand fol-Henri le Grand étoit âgé de 54. ans quand il mourut, Henry the Great was 54. years when he died.

low; J'étois à Londres, quand Maftrich fut pris, I was at London when Maftrich was taken.

Né

When we speak of the good or bad qualities of dead Creatures, reasonable, or irrational; as for Example, Henri le Grand étoit fort heureux, Henry the Great was very fortunate. ron étoit cruel was cruel. Bucephale étoit bien furieux, Bucephal was very furious. C'étoit un bon arbre, It was a good tree.

Nero

If we speak of the age of a dead body; as for Example

old

If we fpeak of the inconftancy of fome body, as Cet homme changeoit tous les jours de deflein, This man did alter his defign every day.

Though the Particle si be not received in the first Imperfect of the Optative Mood, it is admitted in the Imperfect of the Indicative Mood; as for Example, Si la Vertu régnoit, le Vice feroit abatu, If Vertue did reign, Vice would go down.

Of the Preterit Definite.

WE use it, if we express the

time when the action was
le Roi de France

done; as,

gea fous l'obéiffance de fon

Pére toutes les Provinces revoltées, Alexander the Great

prit Bourdeaux le 16. de Sep-brought under the obedience of tembre 1650. The King of Fran- his Father all the revolted Pro ce took Bourdeaux, the 16th of vinces. September in the year 1650. If we tell a Story, or relate words lately fpoken, we use it; Alexandre le Grand ran

AS,

If we fpeak alfo of an action of one that's dead; as for Example, Louis XIII. prit la Rochelle, Lewis the XIII. took Rochelle.

Of the Preterit Indefinite.

WE use this Tenfe when we Speake of a perfon yet alive; ass le Roi George à défait plu

a

fieurs fois les Ennemis, King George has beat feveral times the Enemies.

If

If we express an action the Le Roi de France n'a pas tou

fame day that it is done ; as for Eaxmple, Je fuis allé aujourd'hui à Londres, I went to day to London.

We use it before depuis, as,

jours été heureux depuis qu'il a fait la guerre, The King of France has not been always fortunate fince he made war.

Of the Optative Mood.

Hefe Conjunctions govern the

Toptative Mood, viza condition que moyennant que, pourvûque, on condition that provided; à Dieu ne plaife que, God forbid; afin que, to the end that; à moins que, except, fave, unless; avant que, auparavant que, before; de crainte que, de peur que, for fear, left; bien que, encore que nonobftant que, quoique, although, though; Dieu veuille que, God grant; jusqu'à ce que, till, until; Plût à Dieu que, would to God; pofez qué, au cas que, fuppofe; fans que, without; foit que, whether.

A Dieu ne plaife que, Dieu veuille que, are put only before the Prefent & Perfect; Plût à Dieu que, before the fecond

TH

imperfect & fecond Preterpluper

fects C all others above mentioned, before the Prefent, fecond Imperfect, Perfect & fecond Preterpluperfect.

Note, That the firft Imperfect, the first Pluperfect, & the Future of the Optative are faid, by the Grammarians, to be of the Optative very im properly; for they are rather of the Indicative, because the Con junctions that govern the Indicative Mood, govern likewife the three Tenfes above-mentio ned of the Optative; and, on the contrary, the Conjunctions that govern the Optative, never govern thofe three Tenfes.

Finally Note, that the Prefent the Future of the Op tative are alike.

Of the Infinitive Mood.

HE Infinitive Mood has First, After Verbs, Subftan commonly one of thefe four Signs, de, à, pour, or afin de.

tives or Adjectives, that fignify Defire or Averfion we use

K 2

com

commonly de; as for Example', donner, to be addicted to, s'ac
J'ai deffein d'aller à Paris, I coutumer, to use oneself; as
have a Defign of going to Pa- for Example, je m'adonne à
ris; Il eft impoffible de faire la Théologie, I aply my felf
cela, It is impoffible to do that. to Divinity.
When there is any Appication,
we ufe commonly a ; as for
Example, Je m'applique à écri-
re, I apply myself to write.
After the Adjectives of Utili-

or

We make use of pour, or afin de, indifferently, as the Latins ad, and the English to, for to; as for Example, Il m'a donné de l'argent, pour lui cela eft bon à man- acheter un Livre, He gave me ty; as, ger, that is good to eat; cela fome Money to buy him a Book; eft propre à faire cela, that is il lui a donné du papier afin de lui écrire une Lettre, fit to do that. gave him Paper to write a Letter for him.

After thefe Verbs, commencer and appendre, to begin, and to learn; as j'apprens à dancer, I learn to dance; s'a

he

We ufe de after these Verbs,
when another Verb follows:

Empêcher, to hinder.
Exhorter, to exhort.
Forcer, to force.

Se Hâter, to make hafte.
Jurer, to swear.
Permettre, to permit.
Perfuader, to perfuade.
Prier, to pray.
Propofer, to propofe.
Protester, to proteft.
Refufer, to refuse.

As, je vous prie de faire
cela, I defire you to do that.

Notes added, which were wanting
Compleat this Grammar.

We make use of this Expreffion before Adjectives alone, before a part of time, or to defign a poffeffion. Ex. Que dites-vous de ce pain? what do you fay of this bread? Il est bon, It is good. Quelle heure eft-il? what is it a clock?

We use this expreffion before Subftantives alone, or joyned to Adjectives, before Pronouns, Verbs, Adverbs, Prepofitions, Conjonctions and Interjections. Ex. Qu'avez-vous à La main? What have you in your hand? C'eft de l'argent, Tis filver. C'eft de bon argent, T'is good filver. Qui eft la? Who is there? C'est moi, T'is I. C'eft être heureux, T'is to be happy. C'eft affez, T'is enough. C'est pour moi qu'il parle, T'is for me that he fpeak's. C'eft afin que nous foyons amis que je vous voi, T'is that we may be friends that I fee you. C'eft hélas! ma perte, T'is alas! my ruine.

Il fait,
It is.

Fait-il?
Is it?

Il ne fait pas,

It is not.

Ne fait-il-pas? Is it not?

We make use of this expreffion before the conftitution of the weather. Ex. Quel tems fait-il? what weather is it? Il fait froid, chaud, beau, fale, fombre; it is cold, hot, fair, dirty, dark weather.

We make ufe of the following expreffion before the Adverb mieux.

Il vaut,
It is.

Vaut-il?
Is it?

Il ne vaut pas,
It is not.

Ne vaut-il pas?
Is there not?

Ex. Il vaut mieux être feul qu'en mauvaise compagnie, It is better to be alone than in bad company.

Note thas thefe expreffions go through all Tenfes and Moods, Il étoit, c'étoit, il faifoit, il valoit. It was. But the fecond expreffion varieth according to the number. Ex. C'eft un bon cheval, ce font de bons chevaux.

And fo make of all them interrogation and negation, you have feen in the firft, according as your phrafe goeth. These never change for the plural, for we fay; Il y a un homme, there is a man, and Il y a mille hommes, there are a thousand men.

of