co-operation. It was a notorious fact, that when the army were not a day without being put to the greatest straits for their food, and very frequently famished, there was no just cause why, under proper and less infamous management, they should not have been most abundantly supplied.

To crown all, the Government of Madras sued for peace, and twelve days' cessation of hostilities was granted; but no terms having been agreed upon, hostilities were resumed on the 6th of March, when the whole of the Carnatic was once more in flames; and it was the height of Hyder's ambition to burn the Black Town and suburbs of Madras. Colonel Lang's division, much reduced, covered the Presidency.

In a series of masterly movements between Gingee and Madras, where Colonel Smith, from his vicinity to the Presidency, was enabled to move his artillery as quickly as the enemy, Hyder was so repeatedly out-manoeuvred, and only saved by the superiority of his cavalry, that he was most desirous to make peace; and whilst the rival armies were about 140 miles distance from Madras, he determined to bring matters to a conclusion, in a manner as unexpected as bold. Having sent off all his infantry, the most of his cavalry, and all his artillery and baggage, to the westward, through the pass of Ahtoor, he reserved to accompany himself 6000 horse and 200 picked infantry. In three days, he marched 130 miles; and on the morning of the

29th, appeared before Madras, within five miles of the fort. Since the renewal of hostilities, he had written to the Governor, desiring peace: he now sent word he had come to conclude terms, desiring that a person might be sent to negotiate with him, and mentioned Mr. Du Pré, the senior member of Council, as most agreeable to him; and that gentleman proceeded to meet him at St. Thomas's Mount.

In the meantime, Colonel Lang's division attempted in vain to overtake and engage the Mysore army whilst entangled in the pass of Ahtoor; whilst Colonel Smith followed Hyder towards Madras, and on the 31st March, had approached within ten miles of the Mount, when he received an order to halt, and eventually to retrograde, Hyder having frankly declared that until peace was finally settled, he would not rest within sight of that army. On the 2d April, the treaty was definitively settled and signed.

During this eventful war, the troops had done more than could have been expected from any other than British soldiers. On every occasion had they behaved with the greatest gallantry; and had not the English General been on all occasions thwarted by the corrupt measures and incapacity of the Government he was serving under, it would have been spared the disgrace of having a treaty dictated to it almost within gunshot of the ramparts of Fort St. George.

Hyder at all times spoke in the highest praise of the talents and character of Colonel Smith,—a tribute due from one great soldier to another. The conduct of this officer throughout the war must always gain him the reputation of being one of the best officers of his day, particularly when it is taken into consideration the means he had at his disposal, the difficulties he had to encounter with his own Government, and that, during the whole campaign, he did not commit one military error in all his numerous and rapid dispositions. Of his antagonist, Hyder, it may be safely said he shewed himself the best Indian general of his day; and to the honour of the Madras European Infantry be it said, that the British officer he expressed the highest opinion of, and whom he made no secret of asserting was the only officer he ever refrained from encountering was Colonel Smith, an officer who had risen in the corps, and had learned his profession under Lawrence and Clive, the best masters of the science of Indian warfare.

Before Hyder left the Mount, he expressed great anxiety to have an interview with his preceptor, as he styled Colonel Smith. Circumstances prevented this wish being gratified. Hyder then begged to have a portrait of him, which was some time afterwards sent; and after the capture of Seringapatam, it was found in the palace there, and afterwards sold by public auction with other prize property. It was sent to England, and went into the possession

of the late General David Smith, of Comet Row, Somersetshire.

During the year 1770, there was no service of any kind, and the corps went into the different garrisons, where it remained until September, 1771, when, on the breaking out of hostilities with Tanjore, a force under Colonel Smith, of which the 1st European Regiment and all the grenadiers of the corps forming part, was assembled near Trichinopoly. In September, it entered the enemy's country, and reached the capital, Tanjore, on the 29th of the same month. After some affairs and skirmishes with the garrison, the place was invested, ground broken, and, by the 27th October, a practicable breach made, when the Rajah came to terms, and the force marched back to Trichinopoly.

On the 12th March, 1772, a force under Colonel Smith assembled near Trichinopoly,-the 1st European Regiment and all the grenadiers of the corps forming part of it,-for the purpose of reducing the Ramanad-porum and Sheva-gunga Pollams, which were entered in May of the same year. At the storm of Ramanad, the grenadiers of the corps, commanded by Captain Robert Godfrey, particularly distinguished themselves; and Lieutenant Burr, (afterwards Lieutenant-General Daniel Burr,) one of the grenadier subalterns, was one of the first who effected a footing on the breach.

After the reduction of Ramanad, the force marched into the little Marawah country, and encamped be

fore the barrier, which led to Callacoil, the Rajah's stronghold. Lieutenant-Colonel Abraham Boujour, the commanding officer of the 1st European Regiment, was detached with a strong force to make a detour, and fall upon the enemy's rear. This he effected, completely surprised the enemy, and entered the unguarded gates of Callacoil. The enemy were immediately dispersed with severe loss, and the country subdued.

On the 6th of July, 1773, Colonel Smith again commanded a force for the reduction of Tanjore : the first European regiment, and the grenadiers of the corps forming part of it: Colonel Thomas Fletcher, and Lieutenant-Colonel Hartley, of the corps, were with it on the occasion. On the 3d of August, the force left Trichinopoly, and by the 5th, after some sharp skirmishing, arrived within a short distance of Tanjore. The same night, the European grenadiers attacked the enemy's cavalry camp, and completely surprised and routed them, with much slaughter. On the 20th, approaches were made to within 500 yards of the wall of the city. On the 24th the enemy, made a determined sortie, but were driven back with great loss: the grenadiers particularly distinguished themselves. On the 16th of September, the breach was practicable, and seven men of the regiment volunteered, and completed, under the superintendence of Lieutenant (afterwards Colonel) Alexander McGregor Murray, a passage over the wet ditch, with fascines; six were killed and