forty Europeans and eighty Sepoys and pioneers killed and wounded. Of these, thirty belonged to the corps. Nundidroog mounted seventeen excellent guns, besides a great many gingalls. It was well provided for a siege, and its works and defences much improved and strengthened. In the course of three weeks' regular siege, it fell to a small British force; although, when besieged by Hyder, it was not surrendered by the Mahrattas until after a blockade of three years. After the fall of Nundidroog, Cummuldroog, another hill-fort, near to and dependent on it, opened its gates on the first

summons.

A General Order was issued next day, of which the following is an extract :

"Camp, 19th October, 1791. "Lord Cornwallis having been witness of the extraordinary obstacles, both of nature and art, which were opposed to the detachment of the army that attacked Nundidroog, he cannot too highly applaud the firmness and exertions which were manifested by all ranks in carrying on the operations of the siege, or the valour and discipline which was displayed by the flank companies of His Majesty's 36th and 71st regiments, those of the Madras 4th European battalion, the 13th Bengal battalion of Native Infantry, and of the 3d, 4th, 10th, 13th, and 27th battalions of Madras Native Infantry, that were employed in the assault of last night; and

which, by overcoming all difficulties, effected the reduction of that important fort.

"His Lordship is highly sensible of the zealous and meritorious conduct of Major Gowdie in the command of that detachment, both at the attacks of Raymanghur, and in carrying on the arduous operations of the siege of Nundidroog, for which the Major will be pleased to accept his best acknowledgments. The whole of the officers and soldiers who composed that detachment appear likewise to be justly entitled to the strongest expressions of his approbation; and he particularly desires that his warmest thanks may be presented to Major Montagu for his successful efforts in bringing the artillery into the batteries, and for the ability with which it was afterwards served.

"Although the services of pioneers are less brilliant than those of the troops, they are of peculiar value in all such operations; and his Lordship thinks himself called upon, in justice to Lieutenant Dowse and all the non-commissioned officers and men of the pioneer corps, to declare that their conduct on this occasion has deserved his highest commendation."

At the siege of Savendroog, the brigade with which the 4th battalion served was engaged in protecting the besieging force from being disturbed from Seringapatam. Savendroog was carried by assault on the 21st December.. On the 23d, Ootradroog was invested and carried by storm. On both these occasions, the European pioneers of the army,

doing the duty of sappers, who were men belonging to the Madras European Regiment, and temporarily employed for the purpose, particularly distinguished themselves.

On the 25th January, 1792, the British, Nizam's, and Mahratta armies united near Savendroog. On the 31st, the British were reviewed by the native princes of the allied armies; and on the 1st of February, all moved towards Seringapatam in three parallel columns; the battering train and ammunition carts forming the centre column; the line of infantry and field-pieces, the right, next the enemy; and the smaller store-carts and private baggage, protected by part of the cavalry, the left. The advanced-guard was a regiment of cavalry, the body guards and detail of infantry for the piquets; the rear-guard was composed of a regiment of cavalry, and piquets of the old camp. The march was continued till the 5th, when the army took up a position within six miles of Seringapatam.

The encampment was divided by the river Lockany: the right of the line passed to the north of the French Rocks and rested on, and its front was partly covered by a large tank; the left rested on the hills to the north-east of Seringapatam, over which the army had passed that day.

The position of the Sultan's army was discernible from the British camp: his right was secured by the Carrighaut hill, which was strongly fortified, and his line extended to the west, within the boundary hedge,

which, with the windings of the Lockany river, and a canal, besides a considerable extent of wet ricefields, covered his front. Six large redoubts, constructed within the boundary hedge, added much to its strength one, the Eadgah or Mosque redoubt, and that of Lally in its rear, with the boundary hedge, secured the left of the position; two in the front, about the centre of the position, added to its strength; one, called Mahomed's, some little distance to the right of Lally's, and another, the Sultan's, still further to the left, but a little nearer the river, were very commanding positions, and well secured. The defences on the island were very strong, particularly on the east end, and formed a second line; the redoubts in the first line all mounted heavy cannon, and the Mysore army and its field artillery were posted to the best advantage, to support and defend them. There were about 100 pieces of artillery in the first line, and nearly 300 in the second. Tippoo commanded the centre and right, his head-quarters being at the Sultan's redoubt; Syed Hammeed and Syed Guffer, supported by the French battalion and Lally's brigade, under M. Vigie, commanded on the left; Sheik Anser on the Great Carrighaut hill, and Syed Saib the garrison of Seringapatam. The Mysore army amounted to at least 5000 cavalry, and 50,000 infantry.

On the night of the 6th of February, the British army stormed the Mysore lines in three columns; the brigade to which the 4th battalion belonged, formed