Investigations on the Theory of the Brownian MovementDover Publications, 1956 - 119 pages The "Brownian movement" was first described in 1828 by the botanist Robert Brown. While investigating the pollen of several different plants, he observed that pollen dispersed in water in a great number of small particles which he perceived to be in uninterrupted and irregular "swarming" motion. For more than half a century following, a score of scientists studied this motion, common to organic and inorganic particles of microscopic size when suspended in a liquid, to determine the causes and the dynamics of the motion. This volume contains five papers investigating the dynamics of this phenomenon by Albert Einstein. Written between 1905 and 1908, the papers evolve an elementary theory of the Brownian motion, of interest not only to mathematicians but also to chemists and physical chemists. The titles of the papers are: "Movement of Small Particles Suspended in a Stationary Liquid Demanded by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat"; "On the Theory of the Brownian Movement"; "A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions"; "Theoretical Observations on the Brownian Motion"; and "Elementary Theory of the Brownian Motion." The editor, R. Fürth, has provided notes at the end of the book which discuss the history of the investigation of the Brownian movement, provide simple elucidations of the text, and analyze the significance of these papers. |
Table des matières
ON THE MOVEMENT OF SMALL PARTICLES | 1 |
ON THE THEORY OF THE BROWNIAN MOVEMENT | 19 |
A NEW DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR | 36 |
Droits d'auteur | |
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Expressions et termes fréquents
according actual molecules approximately assumed Brownian motion Brownian movement calculate centre of gravity coefficient of diffusion concentration condition corresponding cules determined diffusion-coefficient dilatation dissolved substance distribution domain G dynamic equilibrium Einstein equal equation equilibrium expression fictitious force follows force acting force K acts formula Fürth gamboge gases given gram-molecule indefinitely large indefinitely small interval investigations irregular thermal processes kinetic theory large compared large number liquid Loschmidt's number magnitude manner mean value method microscopic mole molecular theory observation obtain osmotic force osmotic pressure p₁ parameter Phys process of diffusion quantity result single particle solute molecules solvent space-summation sphere of radius spherical statistical mechanics Stokes Stokes formula Stokes law summation suspended particles suspended spheres Svedberg theory of heat tion tricity unit volume velocity velocity-components viscosity X-axis x-co-ordinates Zeit Αξ δη ρδ ди ફ્