ARTICLE XI.

If a vessel of either of the contracting parties shall be attacked by an enemy within cannon-shot of the forts of the other, she shall be protected as much as is possible. If she be in port she shall not be seized or attacked when it is in the power of the other party to protect her; and, when she proceeds to sea, no enemy shall be permitted to pursue her from the same port within twenty-four hours after her departure.

ARTICLE XII.

The commerce between the United States of America and the Regency of Algiers, the protections to be given to merchants, masters of vessels, and seamen, the reciprocal rights of establishing Consuls in each country, and the privileges, immunities, and jurisdictions to be enjoyed by such Consuls, are declared to be on the same footing, in every respect, with the most favored nations, respectively.

ARTICLE XIII.

The Consul of the United States of America shall not be responsible for the debts contracted by citizens of his own nation, unless he previously gives written obligations so to do.

ARTICLE XIV.

On a vessel or vessels of war belonging to the United States anchoring before the city of Algiers, the Consul is to inform the Dey of her arrival, when she shall receive the salutes which are, by treaty or custom, given to the ships of war of the most favored nations on similar occasions, and which shall be returned gun for gun; and if, after such arrival, so announced, any Christians whatsoever, captives in Algiers, make their escape and take refuge on board any of the ships of war, they shall not be required back again, nor shall the Consul of the United States or commanders of said ships be required to pay anything for the said Christians.

ARTICLE XV.

As the Government of the United States of America has, in itself, no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquillity of any nation, and as the said States have never entered into any voluntary war or act of hostility except in defense of their just rights on the high seas, it is declared, by the contracting parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two nations; and the Consuls and Agents of both nations shall have liberty to celebrate the rites of their respective religions in their own houses.

The Consuls, respectively, shall have liberty and personal security given them to travel within the territories of each other, both by land and sea, and shall not be prevented from going on board any vessels they may think proper to visit; they shall likewise have liberty to appoint their own dragoman and broker.

ARTICLE XVI.

In case of any dispute arising from the violation of any of the articles of this treaty, no appeal shall be made to arms, nor shall war

be declared on any pretext whatever; but if the Consul residing at the place where the dispute shall happen shall not be able to settle the same, the Government of that country shall state their grievance in writing and transmit the same to the Government of the other, and the period of three months shall be allowed for answers to be returned, during which time no act of hostility shall be permitted by either party; and in case the grievances are not redressed, and a war should be the event, the Consuls and citizens and subjects of both parties, respectively, shall be permitted to embark with their effects unmolested, on board of what vessel or vessels they shall think proper, reasonable time being allowed for that purpose.

ARTICLE XVII.

If, in the course of events, a war should break out between the two nations, the prisoners captured by either party shall not be made slaves; they shall not be forced to hard labor, or other confinement than such as may be necessary to secure their safe-keeping, and shall be exchanged rank for rank; and it is agreed that prisoners shall be exchanged in twelve months after their capture; and the exchange may be effected by any private individual legally authorized by either of the parties.

ARTICLE XVIII.

If any of the Barbary States, or other powers at war with the United States, shall capture any American vessel and send her into any port of the Regency of Algiers, they shall not be permitted to sell her, but shall be forced to depart the port on procuring the requisite supplies of provisions; but the vessels of war of the United States, with any prizes they may capture from their enemies, shall have liberty to frequent the ports of Algiers for refreshments of any kind, and to sell such prizes in the said ports, without any other customs or duties than such as are customary on ordinary commercial importations.

ARTICLE XIX.

If any of the citizens of the United States, or any persons under their protection, shall have any disputes with each other, the Consul shall decide between the parties; and whenever the Consul shall require any aid or assistance from the Government of Algiers to enforce his decision, it shall be immediately granted to him; and if any disputes shall arise between any citizens of the United States and the citizens or subjects of any other nation having a Consul or Agent in Algiers, such disputes shall be settled by the Consuls or Agents of the respective nations; and any disputes or suits at law that may take place between any citizens of the United States and the subjects of the Regency of Algiers shall be decided by the Dey in person, and no other.

ARTICLE XX.

If a citizen of the United States should kill, wound, or strike a subject of Algiers, or, on the contrary, a subject of Algiers should kill, wound, or strike a citizen of the United States, the law of the

country shall take place, and equal justice shall be rendered, the Consul assisting at the trial; but the sentence of punishment against an American citizen shall not be greater or more severe than it would be against a Turk in the same predicament; and if any delinquent should make his escape, the Consul shall not be responsible for him in any manner whatever.

ARTICLE XXI.

The Consul of the United States of America shall not be required to pay any customs or duties whatever on anything he imports from a foreign country for the use of his house and family.

ARTICLE XXII.

Should any of the citizens of the United States of America die within the limits of the Regency of Algiers, the Dey and his subjects shall not interfere with the property of the deceased, but it shall be under the immediate direction of the Consul, unless otherwise disposed of by will. Should there be no Consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person worthy of trust, until the party shall appear who has a right to demand them, when they shall render an account of the property; neither shall the Dey or his subjects give hindrance in the execution of any will that may appear.

I certify the foregoing to be a true copy of a treaty of peace negotiated by Commodore Decatur and myself with the Regency of Algiers, and signed by the Dey of that Regency on the 30th June,

1815.

On board the United States ship Guerriere, 6th July, 1815. WM. SHALER.

1816.a

RENEWED TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY.

Concluded December 22 and 23, 1816; ratification advised by the Senate February 1, 1822; proclaimed February 11, 1822.

Algiers having become a province of France in 1830 the treaty became obsolete.

The President of the United States and the Dey of Algiers, being desirous to restore and maintain, upon a stable and permanent footing, the relations of peace and good understanding between the two powers, and for this purpose to renew the treaty of peace and amity which was concluded between the two States by William Shaler and Commodore Stephen Decatur, as Commissioners Plenipotentiary on the part of the United States, and His Highness Omar Pashaw, Dey of Algiers, on the 30th of June, 1815.

The President of the United States having subsequently nominated and appointed, by commission, the above-named William Shaler, and Isaac Chauncey, Commodore and Commander-in-Chief of all the Naval Forces of the United States in the Mediteranean, Commissioners Plenipotentiary, to treat with His Highness the Dey of Algiers for the renewal of the treaty aforesaid; and they have concluded, settled and signed the following articles:

ARTICLE I.

There shall be, from the conclusion of this treaty, a firm, perpetual, inviolable and universal peace and friendship between the President and citizens of the United States of America, on the one part, and the Dey and subjects of the Regency of Algiers, in Barbary, on the other, made by the free consent of both parties, and on the terms of the most favored nations; and if either party shall hereafter grant to any other nation any particular favor or privilege in navigation or commerce, it shall immediately become common to the other party; freely, when freely it is granted to such other nations, but when the grant is conditional, it shall be at the option of the contracting parties to accept, alter or reject such conditions, in such manner as shall be most conducive to their respective interests.

ARTICLE II.

It is distinctly understood between the contracting parties that no tribute, either as biennial presents, or under any other form or name whatever, shall be required by the Dey and Regency of Algiers from the United States of America, on any pretext whatever.

ARTICLE III.

Relates to the mutual restitution of prisoners and subjects, and has been duly executed.

ARTICLE IV.

Relates to the delivery, into the hands of the Consul General, of a quantity of bales of cotton, &c., and has been duly executed.

ARTICLE V.

If any goods belonging to any nation with which either of the parties are at war, should be loaded on board vessels belonging to the other party, they shall pass free and unmolested, and no attempt shall be made to take or detain them.

ARTICLE VI.

If any citizens or subjects, belonging to either party, shall be found on board a prize vessel taken from an enemy by the other party, such citizens or subjects shall be liberated immediately, and in no case, or on any pretense whatever, shall any American citizen be kept in captivity or confinement, or the property of any American citizen found on board of any vessel belonging to any nation with which Algiers may be at war, be detained from its lawful owners after the exhibition of sufficient proofs of American citizenship and American property, by the Consul of the United States residing at Algiers.

ARTICLE VII.

Proper passports shall immediately be given to the vessels of both the contracting parties, on condition that the vessels of war belonging to the Regency of Algiers, on meeting with merchant vessels belonging to the citizens of the United States of America, shall not be permitted to visit them with more than two persons besides the rowers; these only shall be permitted to go on board without first obtaining leave from the commander of said vessel, who shall compare the passports, and immediately permit said vessel to proceed on her voyage; and should any of the subjects of Algiers insult or molest the commander, or any other person on board a vessel so visited, or plunder any of the property contained in her, on complaint being made to the Consul of the United States residing in Algiers, and on his producing sufficient proofs to substantiate the fact, the commander or rais of said Algerine ship or vessel of war, as well as the offenders, shall be punished in the most exemplary manner.

All vessels of war belonging to the United States of America, on meeting a crusier belonging to the Regency of Algiers, on having seen her passports and certificates from the Consul of the United States residing in Algiers, shall permit her to proceed on her cruise unmolested, and without detention. No passport shall be granted by either party to any vessel but such as are absolutely the property of citizens or subjects of the said contracting parties, on any pretense whatever.

ARTICLE VIII.

A citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties having bought a prize vessel condemned by the other party, or by any other nation, the certificates of condemnation and bill of sale shall be a sufficient passport for such vessel for six months; which, considering the distance between the two countries, is no more than a reasonable time for her to procure passports.

ARTICLE IX.

Vessels of either of the contracting parties putting into the ports of the other, and having need of provisions or other supplies, shall be furnished at the market price; and if any such vessel should so put in from a disaster at sea, and having occasion to repair, she shall be at liberty to land and re-embark her cargo, without paying any customs or duties whatever; but in no case shall be compelled to land her cargo.