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Almighty and understood what He said, when by a certain number of chapters a day they had read the Scriptures once or twice over" (p. 30). It is not too much to say that Hobbes' greatest interest in absolutism was that it carried Erastianism in its bosom and the contract theory could be made its fostermother. It was not enough that the social compact should become a treacherous defence for Hampdens: it had itself to be the title of King Charles for shipmoney because it had to yield-what the "right of kings" had not professed to yield till the time came when it had to serve for everything-a ground for holding that the sovereign was the judge "when it comes to the confession" of a man's religious faith. The greatest of all the powers of sovereignty was the one most axiomatic.

LONDON.

G. C. RANKIN.

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE REPUBLIC OF PLATO. By William Boyd, M. A., B. Sc. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co. Pp. v, 196.

The aim of this modest volume is, firstly, to help "the beginner in philosophy who finds Plato difficult"; secondly, to be of assistance to "readers who, though not especially interested in philosophy, wish to know something of one of the great classics of thought." The contents were first given to the world as a course of lectures delivered as Ewing Fellow at Glasgow; these have been recast and some new sections added.

In its present form the book consists of an introductory section followed by ten short chapters corresponding roughly, though not exactly, to the usual divisions of the Republic. The exposition is excellent for the kind of reader intended. The analysis is clear, the explanations and criticisms are marked by a sound common sense not always found in commentators upon Plato. In one respect only does the writer unwittingly mislead his readers, viz. his language throughout implies (if it does not directly assert) that the "Guardians" were, from the first, a small select body for whom alone the "education" was intended; that they formed a class by themselves apart from the subject workers between whom and themselves "a great gulf was fixed"— "Plato does not trouble himself about the education of his workers," etc. Surely no English reader could gather from language of this kind that Plato intended his ladder of education

for all his citizens, each of whom was to climb as far as he could, the point beyond which any individual failed to get marking, eo ipso, the kind of work (the station in life) for which he was fitted. The "rulers" were merely exceptionally gifted individuals, impossible to discover except by the process itself, who were able to reach the top.

LINCOLN COLLEGE, OXFORD.

W. H. FAIRBROTHER.

POLITICS IN NEW ZEALAND: Being the Chief Portions of the Political Parts of the Book Entitled "The Story of New Zealand." By Frank Parsons and C. F. Taylor. Selections arranged by C. F. Taylor. Equity Series: 1520 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, 1904. Pp. 108.

These careful selections from the large work on New Zealand, by Professor Parsons and Dr. Taylor, will put the gist of the bulky volume into the hands of a far larger number of people. The editor, Dr. C. F. Taylor, says in explanation, "My purpose has been to place the enlightening and inspiring facts of New Zealand's government and institutions before the people of our country. "The Story of New Zealand,' was prepared with great labor and published at great expense, with that purpose in view, but it is a large and heavy book, selling at three dollars. Its size and cost prevent it from reaching the masses of our people, and the political facts, particularly, of that progressive country should reach the mind and thought of our voters. It is with a view of placing these political facts within the easy reach of the masses of our people, that I have selected the most important of these facts from the large book and arranged them as you see them in this unpretentious pamphlet. I hope that this little book will lead the reader to further studies along the line of progressive government, and particularly do I hope that our people may be inspired to emulate the example of New Zealand, and bring our government as close to the people as that of New Zealand. is, and make it serve the interests of the common people."

The idea was excellent to bring the contents of a three-dollar book into the hands of the humblest reader.

The larger work published last year is perhaps the amplest and most practical statement yet made of the whole body of social legislation in that pioneer of fearless social experiment. It should be in every library and in the hand of every student. It was most

generously and intelligently conceived as well as admirably carried out. It contains a mass of documentary evidence of the highest value.

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.

JOHN GRAHAM BROOKS.

BOOKS RECEIVED.

THE ETHICS OF NATURALISM: A CRITICISM. By W. R. Sorley, Knightbridge Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University of Cambridge. Second Edition, Revised. Edinburgh and London: W. Blackwood & Sons, 1904. Pp. xiv, 338.

A TEACHER'S HANDBOOK OF MORAL LESSONS. Arranged by A. J. Waldegrave. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co., Lim., 1904. Pp. viii, 154. GRUNDLINIEN ZU EINER KRITIK DER WILLENSKRAFT: Willenstheoretische Betrachtung des Biologischen, Okonomischen und Sozialen Evolutionismus. Von Rudolph Goldscheid. Wien and Leipzig: W. Braumüller, 1905. Pp. 193.

L'INDETERMINISMO NELLA FILOSOFIA FRANCESE CONTEMPORANEA: La Filosofia della Contingenza. Adolfo Levi, Firenze: B. Seeberg. Pp. X, 300.

SOCIOLOGICAL PAPERS. By Francis Galton, E. Westermarck, P. Geddes, E. Durkheim, Harold H. Mann, and V. V. Branford. With an Introductory Address by James Bryce. London: Macmillan & Co., Lim., 1905. A SHORT HISTORY OF CITIZENSHIP AND INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY. By H. Osman Newland, Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, etc. London: Elliot Stock, 1904. Pp. xii, 89.

THE PHILOSOPHERS AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. By P. A. Wadia, Professor of History and Political Economy, Gujarat College, Allahabad. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co., Lim., 1904. Pp. 131.

THE BIOLOGY Of British PoliTICS. By Charles H. Harvey. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co., Lim., 1904. Pp. viii, 172.

THE PLATONIC CONCEPTION OF IMMORTALITY AND ITS CONNEXION WITH THE THEORY OF IDEAS. An Essay which obtained the Hare Prize, 1903. By R. K. Gaye, M. A., Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. London: C. J. Clay & Sons, 1904. Pp. viii, 257.

THE MODERN PILGRIMAGE FROM THEOLOGY TO RELIGION. (Being some Essays in that Direction.) By Robert Locke Bremner. London: A. Constable & Co., Lim., 1904. Pp. 296.

THE SOUL'S Orbit, or Man's JOURNEY TO GOD. Compiled, with Additions, by M. D. Petre. London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1904. Pp. viii, 204. LIFE OF FRANCES POWER COBBE AS TOLD BY HERSELF. With Additions by the Author and Introduction by Blanche Atkinson. Posthumous Edition. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co., Lim., 1904. Pp. xxix, 722.

SEEDS FROM THe Garden of tHE WORLD. By Mary Morgan (Gowan Lea). Edinburgh: T. N. Foulis, 1904. Pp. vi, 207.

PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY. By Wilhelm Wundt, Professor of Philosophy in the University of Leipzig. Translated from the Fifth German Edition (1902) by Edward Bradford Titchener, Sage Professor of Psychology in the Cornell University. Vol. I, with 105 Figures in the Text. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co., Lim., 1904. Pp. xvi, 347. MISCELLANEOUS ESSAYS AND ADDRESSES. By H. Sidgwick. London: Macmillan & Co., Lim.; New York: The Macmillan Company, 1904. Pp. 374.

PHILOSOPHY (University of California Publications). Vol. I. Studies in Philosophy Prepared in Commemoration of the Seventieth Birthday of Professor George Holmes Howison. Berkeley: The University Press, November 29, 1904. Pp. 262.

THE HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION: Which Includes a History of Life and also a History of Ideas. By Julian Laughlin. Published by the Author. First Edition, 1904. Pp. 526.

OUT OF WORK. A Study of Employment Agencies: Their Treatment of the Unemployed, and their Influence Upon Homes and Business. By Frances A. Kellor, Fellow College Settlement Association, Author of "Experimental Sociology," etc. New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1904. Pp. ix, 292.

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IDEAL AND REAL: The Student's Calendar. An Introduction. Copyright, 1904. By Lorin G. S. Farr, Manchester, Me., U. S. A. The Lakeside Press Company, Portland, Maine. Pp. 199.

THE ETHICS OF CONFUCIUS. By Tozaburo Kudo. A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Yale University for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Methodist Publishing House, Tokyo, 1904. Pp. xxlv, 68.

IL DETERMINISMO NELLA FILOSOFIA DI S. AGOSTINO. Dott. Ercole Nardelli. Bibliotheca di Filosofia e Pedagogia. Ditta G. B. Paravia e Comp. (Figli di E. Vigliardi-Paravia), Torino-Roma-Milano-Firenze-Napoli, 1905. Pp. x, 216.

WALL STREET SPECULATION: ITS TRICKS AND ITS TRAGEDIES. A Lecture by Franklin C. Keyes, L. L. B. Columbia Publishing Co., 123 Main Street, Oneonta, N. Y., 1904. Pp. 77.

THOUGHTS ON ULTIMATE PROBLEMS: Being a Synoptic Statement of Two Theodicies. By F. W. Frankland. Wellington: W. J. Lankshear, Printer and Publisher, Lambton Quay, 1904. Pp. 19.

THEISM FOUND WANTING. By W. S. Godfrey. Watts & Co., 17 Johnson's Court, Fleet Street, London, E. C., 1903. Pp. 40.

MORAL EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOLS. By H. S. Drayton, A. M., M. D. Field & Young, Jersey City, N. J., 1904. Pp. 44.

THE HUMANE SLAUGHTERING OF ANIMALS. By Ernest Bell. London: Humanitarian League, 1904. Pp. 14.

HISTORY AND CRITICISM OF THE LABOR THEORY OF VALUE IN ENGLISH POLITICAL ECONOMY. By Albert C. Whitaker, Ph. D. New York: The Columbia University Press; Macmillan Company, Agents. London: P. S. King & Son, 1904. Pp. 194.

PRE-MALTHUSIAN DOCTRINES OF POPULATION. A Study of the History of Economic Theory. By Charles Emil Stangeland, Ph. D. New York: The Columbia University Press; Macmillan Company, Agents. London: P. S. King & Son, 1904. Pp. 356.

THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE POOR LAW OF CONNECTICUT. By Edward Warren Capen, Ph. D. New York: The Columbia University Press; Macmillan Company, Agents. London: P. S. King & Son, 1904. Pp. 520.

THEOLOGISCHER Jahresberichт. Dreiundzwanzigster Band, 1903. Herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. G. Krüger und Prof. Dr. W. Koehler in Giessen. V. Abteilung. SYSTEMATISCHE THEOLOGIE. Bearbeitet von Neumann, Titius, Christlieb, Hoffman. Berlin, 1904. C. A. Schwetschke und Sohn; New York: G. E. Stechert & Co. Pp. 767-997.

ISRAEL AND BABYLON: The Influence of Babylon on the Religion of Israel. (A Reply to Delitzsch.) By Herman Gunkel, D. D. Philadelphia: J. J.

McVey, 1904. Pp. 63.

THE HUMANE REVIEW. January, 1905. London: Ernest Bell. Pp. 193-256. The Hibbert JOURNAL. Vol. III, No. 2, January, 1905. London: Williams & Norgate. Pp. 217-432.

THE INDIAN REVIEW. Vol. 5, 1904: Nos. 10 and 12, October and December. Madras: G. A. Nateran & Co. Pp. 649-720; 801-880.

THE ANGLO-RUSSIAN. Vol. VIII, No. 7, January, 1905. Pp. 883-890.

Articles by writers in Great Britain, and books to be reviewed, published in Great Britain, should be sent to Prof. J. S. Mackenzie, Pendene, Llanishen, Cardiff, Wales.

Books to be reviewed, published in the United States, should be sent to Mr. Percival Chubb, 33 Central Park, West, New York.

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