Sinification and Legitimation: Liu Yüan, Shih Le, and the Founding of Han and Chao

according adopted appointed authority barbarians became biography brother capital century Ch'i Ch'in Chang Chao Chapter chief Chin Chin shu China Chinese Ching Chou Chun cited claim clan command commandery conquest court cultural death defeated discussion dynasty early economic element established five Grandest Heaven hence History horse Hsiung-nu Hucker imperial important included initiated King later Le's lead leader Left legitimacy legitimation Liu Yüan Lo-yang military Minister Mongols nomadic Northern original otherwise unknown period political position practice present Province recorded region reign Right rise River rule ruler sent served Shan-yü Shang Shih Hu sinification social society sources Southern Ssu-ma succession T'ang Thearch throne traditional trans translation Ts'ung various Wang worthy Yellow Ying Yuan