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battle of Navarin, to induce the ambassadors to recede from their demands, the manifesto declares, that if at present, after having witnessed such conduct, and been asked such conditions, we were to give way, and to concede the independence of the Greeks, the contagion would soon extend to all the Greeks settled in Romelia and Anatolia, without the possibility of arresting the evil. They would all pretend to the same independence; they would renounce their du ties as Rayahs, and, triumphing in a year or two over the generous Mussulman nation, they would finish one day, by sud. denly imposing laws upon us, (God preserve us from it!) and the ruin of our religion and our empire would be the inevitable result. Whilst, thanks to God! the numerous provinces of Europe and Asia are filled with an immense Mussulman population, does the sacred book and does our law permit us, through fear of war, to let our religion be trodden under foot, and to deliver ourselves to the Infidels from hand to hand, our country, our wives, our children, our goods, and our property?'

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It proceeds to call to mind the victories that have been won by the Mussulman nation, since the time of their great Prophet, and how many thousand times, united in heart for the defence of religion, they have put thousands of Infidels to the sword. The people are called up. on, in case the three powers shall not desist from their demands, to place themselves under the protection of their holy Prophet, and to unite in a single corps for the defence of religion and the empire. This war is not,' the manifesto concludes, like all former wars, a political conflict to acquire provinces or to settle frontiers. The object of the Infidels is to annihilate Islamism, and to tread under foot the Mussulman nation. It must, therefore, be considered purely Let all as a religious and national war. the Faithful, rich or poor, great or small, know that to fight is the duty of us all. Let them not dream of a monthly pay, or of any pay whatever; far from it, let us sacrifice our property and our persons; let us fulfil with zeal all the duties which the honor of Islamism imposes upon us; let us unite our efforts, and labor with heart and soul for the maintenance of religion until the day of judgment. Mussulmans have no other means of obtaining salvation, either in this world or the next. We hope that the Most High will vouchVOL. V.NO. II.

24

safe to confound and disperse in every
quarter, the Infidels, foes to our religion
and our empire, and that, in all times, in
all places, and in all cases, he will grant
victory to the Faithful. Our true position
being thus known to all Mussulmans,
there is no doubt that, if they have the
least faith and piety, they will also know
their duty; they will unite heart and soul
to maintain our religion and our empire,
this world and the next; and that, if the
as well as to ensure their own salvation in
with zeal and valor the varied functions
occasion requires it, they will discharge
of the war, and fulfil exactly the duties
imposed upon us by our Holy Laws.
Help comes from God!'

The latest authentic accounts from
Constantinople are to Jan. 26. The man-
ifesto had been read in all the mosques,
the Bosphorus had been closed against
the ships of all christian nations, all
Franks, with a very few special excep-
tions, had been required to withdraw from
Constantinople, and measures of great
severity had been adopted against the
Armenian Christians, subjects of the em-
pire. The effect of these measures up-
on Russia, and the other allied powers,
had not been ascertained. It remains to
be seen, whether the Russian army will
cross the Pruth, and whether other hos-
tile measures will be adopted by the al-
lied powers. France was at the last dates
reinforcing her fleet in the Levant.

GREECE.-Count Capo D'Istria has
sailed from Malta for Ægina, but the news
The last accounts from Scio represent the
of his arrival has not yet reached us.
castle, which was yet held by the Turks,
as likely to surrender in a few days, on
which event the whole island would be
in possession of the Greeks. A part of
the Egyptian troops have been withdrawn
from the Morea, and have landed at Alex-
andria. It was expected that the re-
mainder would soon embark, for the pur-
pose of returning to Egypt. Patras was
blockaded by a steamboat and other
Greek vessels.

From other countries of Europe we have received but little information of moment, since the date of our last publication. Don Miguel has arrived at Lisbon, and assumed the regency of Portugal, but no particular account of his proceedings has yet reached us.

MEXICO. Although the late revolt in

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Mexico was promptly suppressed,and the two leaders of the insurrection, Bravo, the Vice President, and Barragan, Governor of the State of Vera Cruz, are held in prison, awaiting their trial, the government does not appear to have vigor enough to restore a healthy state of the finances, or wisdom enough to introduce a system of measures favorable to the operations of trade. No measures have been taken to restore the credit of the nation abroad, nor to repair the mischiefs resulting from the banishment of the Spaniards.

CENTRAL AMERICA.-The civil war in Guatemala is not yet terminated. At the last accounts several thousand men were in the field. The British Consul at Guatemala, Mr Reilly, was lately murdered in his own house, by his servant. The murderer was arrested, tried, and shot.

SOUTH AMERICA.-The state of affairs in Colombia had not improved, at the date of the last intelligence from that country. Little benefit was expected from the labors of the Congress at Ocana. The powers of the government appear to have been assumed by Bolivar, and it is possible his dictatorship will re

lieve the country from greater evils than it would be subject to, under the reign of discord which would prevail but for his presence. The war between Buenos Ayres and Brazil is still continued, though it is prosecuted with little vigor. The blockade of Buenos Ayres is little more than nominal, though it subjects the inhabitants to great inconveniences and loss.

UNITED STATES.-The labors of Congress have not yet produced any measures of great importance, which have received the sanction of both houses. The House of Representatives has been for a long time engaged in the discussion of a bill for the increase of duties on the import of woolens, and other goods of foreign manufacture. It is yet uncertain whether it will pass that House, and still more what will be the judgment of the Senate upon it. A bill which passed the House of Representatives, after much debate, appropriating $30,000 for internal improvements, has been amended in the Senate by limiting the appropriation to the prosecution of surveys already begun. In our next publication, we shall probably be able to give some more satisfactory account of the labors of the ses

sion.

OBITUARY.

DIED, at Cambridge, February 25, Rev. GEORGE OTIS, Rector of Christ Church, in Cambridge, aged 30.

This notice is not given as a record of talents and virtues, which are common to all, but as a just tribute to peculiar mental and moral endowments. We are not willing that the accomplished scholar and valued minister of Christ, whose premature loss we are called to deplore, should pass away from the memory of the living, without one effort of ours to paint his character, and to show forth the bright example of the departed to those who remain.

Mr Otis was graduated at Harvard University in 1815. He pursued his theological studies in Cambridge, and after taking orders in the Episcopal church, was connected, for some years, with the College, as a member of the Immediate Government. In this relation

he discharged the duties of a faithful and judicious instructer, and devoted himself, with peculiar zeal, to the improvement of his pupils.

He was acknowledged, by his literary associates, to be a learned and elegant scholar. His mind was of an original cast, and though distinguished for his classical attainments, rather than the variety of his productions, we think he may with justice be called a man of genius. His discriminating taste enabled him to read and study to great advantage, and to select and make his own, everything worth retaining.

The peculiar character of his mind was displayed in his writings, of which it is to be regretted he gave the public so few specimens. They were remarkable for novelty of thought, vivid language, and a beautiful and delicate imagery. His reading was not uncommonly

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extensive, but select and exact. In this respect, he obeyed the precept of Pliny, which is quoted with approbation by Gibbon, to read much, rather than many things. His duties as an instructer in the University, led him to a thorough study of the best ancient classics; and his own taste prompted him to a constant intercourse with the great writers of a later age. Milton and Dante were his chosen poets. With their gifted minds his communion was intimate and sincere. While he made their works the subjects of critical study, the task of the philologist was not permitted to blunt his perception of their beauties.

With his valuable literary acquisitions, Mr Otis maintained that freedom from affectation and display, which is always the companion of wisdom. He never departed from the simplicity of nature, through false ideas of refinement. He never indulged the pride of knowledge, for the dignity of his character was founded, not on learning, but on selfrespect. His conversation was brilliant and instructive. He always spoke from a full mind, and seldom failed to excite the thinking faculties of those who listened to him. The society of which he was so bright an ornament, will long remember the ease and gracefulness with which he engaged in the gravest discussions, and the charms which he gave to the most trifling details.

His mind was poetic. His feelings were refined, perhaps to a sensitive delicacy. True and deep sentiment cast a soft and hallowed light over every thought and expression. Upon this part of his character our inclination would lead us long to dwell, were it not sacrilegious to open so sacred a sanctuary to the uninterested gaze of the world.

His love of nature was fervent. It filled his mind and heart. Every new beauty he discerned, was to him a revelation of the power and goodness of God. Music, too, was his companion and friend. His love of music was so peculiar and beautiful a trait in his character, that it cannot be passed 'without notice. He regarded it as the gift of God, and intimately connected with the expression of the holiest feelings. It was his amusement in his bright moments; his solace in his dark ones, and many he had; in all, it breathed to him a varied language,' which spoke to his ear, and inspired his heart.

From the singular delicacy of his mind,

it will be understood, that Mr Otis was ill qualified to encounter the conflicts and trials of life. He was, however, appointed to the discipline of suffering. Few have been called to mourn over the loss of dearer friends. Few have endured the disappointment of holier hopes. His path was indeed rough, and of the many dark and heavy clouds that hung over it, there was scarcely one whose edges were illuminated; and had not his guiding star pointed to a region beyond the world, where he might rest his hopes, he would indeed have been desolate.

It remains to notice our departed friend, as a religious man and a christian minister. While connected with the University, his religious sentiments were different from those of most who surrounded him. He was strongly and conscientiously attached to the opinions of the Church of England; yet he was liberal in his feelings, and formed deep and lasting friendships with many who had adopted views opposite to his own. His heart was too full of good affections, to leave place for bigotry and exclusiveness. Whatever we may think of the truth of his speculative belief, we must acknowledge that it was not adopted without examination, nor can we complain that it was ever defended with acrimony. He loved to regard religion as a sentiment of the heart, and a rule of life, rather than a subject of controversy, or an occasion for discord. His devotion was fervent, but not extravagant; his zeal, glowing, but enlightened; his piety, earnest and deep, but retiring and gentle.

The most interesting view that can be taken of his character, is as the shepherd of his flock. In his connexion with his church, he was conscientious and unwearied; a counsellor in health, a com. forter in sickness, and a devoted attendant at the bed of death; a gentle and interested guide of the young, a patient and untiring instructer of the child. He ever made his highest duty his chief pleasure. Can such a minister be taken from his people, and not be lamented with a deep and sincere sorrow? But, although they have committed his body to the grave, may his spirit still be their guide, and may they reinforce their virtues from the dust of him, who so lately taught them.'

Go to the grave, in all thy glorious prime, In full activity of zeal and power; A Christian cannot die before his time, The Lord's appointment is the servant's hour."

DIED, March 13th, Mrs REBECCA PHILLIPS, wife of Jonathan Phillips, Esq. and daughter of the late Samuel Salisbury, Esq.

This excellent woman has left an enduring monument of herself in the hearts of all who were so happy as to know her. She is a remarkable example of the power which belongs to true goodness. We have never known a Christian more retiring, more averse to display, more silent in well doing. She shrunk from notice almost with timidity; and yet it would be hard to name an individual who has left stronger impressions of the reality and beauty of christian virtue.

She was deeply imbued with the principle of piety. Religion early took possession of her mind, and seemed a part of her very nature. She was not however enslaved to the impressions of education. As she advanced in life, she received higher views of christian truth, which evidently gave a firmer, calmer, nobler tone to her mind. Her religion had nothing of high and tumultuous excitement, and was far removed from clamorous profession. Whilst it touched and elevated the affections, it seemed to act with still greater energy on the conscience. She habitually recognised the voice of God in this inward monitor, listening to its lowest whisperings, and following obediently its slightest intimations. No feature of her character was more striking, than that delicacy of conscience, which feels a slight error as a wound, which shrinks from the appearance of evil, and which is ready to suspect guilt even in innocent infirmity. Duty was sacred in all its requisitions, and under a feeble frame she bore an invincible purpose of right

action.

She

Her social affections flowed in a still, but deep and never failing stream. felt that home was her sphere, and she moved in it shedding blessings with that gentle and silent agency which marks the beneficent operations of Providence. To say that she had a mother's boundless love, would be to bestow common praise. It is more important to observe, that her maternal affection never degenerated into injurious indulgence, and was distinguished by selfpossession, unwearied patience, and perseverance in what she accounted the best methods of forming the young mind. Her character forbade her to mingle much in general so

ciety. But the usefulness of individuals is not to be estimated so much by the extent as by the depth of their influence.. It is possible to confer as much good by exerting a consoling, purifying, and strengthening power on a few minds, as by exercising a wider, but more superficial influence; and by this standard, the retired wife, mother, sister, and friend, may rank among the greatest benefactors on earth.

Mrs Phillips possessed an excellent understanding. To that sound judgment, which, in the domestic relations, is worth more than stores of learning, she joined a desire of general knowledge, and enriched her mind quietly and unostentatiously by reading. She took great pleasure in the works of God, and in books which treated of them. Perhaps the congeniality between such a mind as hers, and the tranquillity of nature, gave this direction to her inquiries.

Her character had the beauty of contrast. It joined qualities not easily reconciled. With sensibility, she united discretion and selfcontrol. Her firmness of principle was tempered by feminine gentleness. Her activity was at once noiseless and effective. With zeal to do good, she connected judiciousness and a wise caution in the selection of objects and means. Though singularly diffident, she was still equal to the most trying exigences of life. A principle of order and harmony seemed to pervade her mind, securing her against the excess to which even virtuous propensities are exposed, and giving the charm of consistency to her life.

We will only add, that she was to the last an improving character. Blameless and pure as was her youth, she was much more interesting in her maturer years. Her intellect seemed to manifest new life at a period when most minds seem to become stationary. Her virtues became of a stronger cast, without losing their delicacy. Life was to the last an improving blessing, a more precious gift. We know not a surer pledge of future progress, than that the character continues to rise, and to go forward even to the closing hour. This excellent woman has left this pure consolation to her friends. It requires little effort to conceive of the celestial happiness of such a being, in whom we saw heaven opening and growing brighter, until the cloud of mortality concealed her from our view.

THE

CHRISTIAN EXAMINER.

VOL. V.-No. III.

MAY AND JUNE, 1828.

MISCELLANY.

SKETCH OF THE LIFE AND CHARACTER OF THE HON.
SAMUEL HOWE.

We wish to preserve some record of the virtue of the individual, whose recent loss our community has so deeply felt. Such men are not given us often. And when they leave us, we feel it to be a duty, if nothing more, to gather up the fruits of their lives, the benefits of their good examples, and add them to the common treasury of knowledge and virtue. In attempting this now, we are very anxious to avoid all extravagance. We dare not give full expression to our feelings; for we know that to many they would seem too strong. In such a case, it is better to come short, than to exceed the truth, or what others would consider the truth. It is better always; and particularly, when, as here, there is in the character itself which we are desirous of presenting, much to restrain us. We would not violate what we know would be the feelings of the man we love and honor. For if he possessed any one trait, to the strength of which, more than of others, all will bear testimony, it was that which would peremptorily forbid any approach to extravagance, in the performance of this sad duty.

In the life of Judge Howe, there was little of incident that claims attention. Yet it may be well, as a help to a proper understanding and fair estimate of his character, to give a brief outline of his history.

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