7. That they live, and in all things demean themselves peaceably and conformably to the laws and customs of each place, and chiefly to the mutual friendship of the Confederates; but, if either of the Confederates shall hold it convenient or necessary with a greater number of ships, to enter into the ports of the other, and enjoy the benefit thereof, He shall declare His purpose two months before to the other Confederate; and then the means and manner of admitting them shall be agreed upon; but if the ships of either be compelled into the other's ports, by danger of tempest, sea, or enemies, in such case the cause of their arrival shall be signified to the Governor or Chief Magistrate of the place, and they shall continue there no longer than the said Governor or Chief Magistrate shall permit, observing always the laws and customs in this Article before mentioned.

X. The subjects and inhabitants of the King and Kingdom of Great Britain may safely and freely travel in the Kingdoms, Dominions and Territories of the King of Sweden, and pass through the same by sea or land to any other nations, freely to traffic and have commerce with them, in all sorts of merchandize, and to import and export the same. And the subjects of the King of Sweden shall enjoy the same freedom in the Kingdoms, Dominions, and Territories of the King of Great Britain; provided the laws, ordinances, and particular rights of each nation, concerning trade and commerce, be observed on both sides.

XI. Although in the preceding Articles of this present Treaty, it be forbidden to either Confederate, to yield any aid or assistance to the enemies of the other; yet it is not to be so understood, as if either Confederate, having no war with the enemies of the other, might not sail to, or traffic with the said enemies, notwithstanding that the other Confederate be in actual war with them. But it is only provided, that no goods called goods of contraband, and particularly, that no money, provision, weapons, fire-arms, with their appurtenances, fire-balls, gun-powder, match, bullets, spear-heads, swords, lances, pikes, halberts, ordnance, mortarpieces, petards, grenadoes, rests, bandeliers, saltpetre, pistols, small shot, pots, head-pieces, backs and breasts, or such kind of armour; soldiers, horses, all furniture necessary for horses, holsters, belts, and whatsoever warlike instruments; as also, that no ships of war,

or convoys, be furnished to the enemy, without peril, in case they be taken, of being adjudged lawful prize, without hope of restitution. And neither of the Confederates shall suffer any of His subjects to give aid, sell, or lend ships, or be any way useful to the enemies or rebels of the other to His prejudice or detriment: but it shall be lawful for either Confederate, His people and subjects to have commerce with the enemies of the other, and to carry to them all kind of merchandize, not before excepted, without any let or hindrance, unless it be into such ports and places as are besieged by the other, and in such case, it shall be lawful for them to sell their commodities to the besiegers, or otherwise to betake themselves to any other port, which is not besieged.

XII. But lest such navigation and intercourse of the one Confederate, His people and subjects, by land or sea, with other, uations, during the war of the other Confederate, should redound to the prejudice of the said other Confederate; and lest goods of enemies should pass concealed under the name of friends; for the removing of all suspicion and prevention of fraud herein, it is agreed, that all ships, waggons, wares, and men, belonging to either Confederate, shall in their passage have letters of safe-conduct, commonly called Passports and Certificates, whereof the here-under written forms shall be word for word observed, and subscribed and signed by the Chief Magistrate or head Commissioners of the customs and imposts of that province and city whence they come, and the true names of the ships, carriages, wares, masters of the ships shall be specified, the days also and times, together with such other descriptions as are expressed in the following form of a Certificate, shall without any fraud be particularized. Wherefore, if any one who upon the faith of that oath, whereby he is bound to his Prince, State, or City, shall affirm, that he hath alleged nothing but the truth, and afterwards be convicted of wilful fraud in that allegation, he shall be punished with severity, and as a person guilty of the breach of that oath.

Form of the Passport.

We, N. N. Governor or Chief Magistrate, or Commissioners of the imposts and customs of the city or province of N. [putting the title or office of the respective Government of that place] do certify, that upon the day of the month of

in the year of our Lord, N. N. N. citizens and inhabitants of N. and subjects of His Majesty, the King of Great Britain, or the King of Sweden, (as the case shall happen) did personally appear before us in the city or town of N. under the Dominion of His Majesty the King of Great Britain, or of His Majesty the King of Sweden, and did there upon the faith of that oath, whereby they are bound to His Majesty the King of Great Britain, our Most Gracious Sovereign, or to His Majesty the King of Sweden, our Most Gracious Sovereign, and to our city, declare, that the ship or vessel called N, of N. lasts or tons, doth belong to the port, city, or town of N. of the Dominion of N. and that the said ship does properly and of right appertain thereunto, or the subjects of His Majesty the King of Great Britain, or the King of Sweden, but now from the port N. is bound for N. freighted with the goods following, viz.: [here let the goods be specified, with their quantity and quality, for example, about so many loads or packs, about so many hogsheads, &c. according as the quantity or condition of the merchandize shall be] and did affirm upon the aforesaid oath, so much N. of the said goods and merchandize to belong to the subjects of the King of Great Britain, or of the King of Sweden, or so much N. unto N. N. N. [let it be expressed of what country the owners be] and that N. N. N. upon the oath aforesaid alleged, that the said goods above specified, and no others were put, or to be put on board the said ship for that voyage, and that no part thereof belongeth to any other than the persons aforesaid; and that therein there are no other goods hidden under any false or counterfeit name whatsoever, but that the aforesaid merchandize were truly and really for the use of the said owners and proprietors, and no others; and that the said master of the ship, named N. is a citizen of N. Wherefore, since upon strict enquiry it is manifest to us [the Governor, Chief Magistrate, or Commissioners of the Customs of the city aforesaid] that the said ship or vessel, and goods are free, and do really and truly belong to the subjects of His Majesty of Great Britain, or His Majesty of Sweden, or the aforesaid inhabitants of other countries; We do, with all respect, humbly desire all Powers by land or sea, Kings, Princes, Commonwealths, free cities, as also all generals, admirals, general

officers, governors of ports, and all others, to whom the guard of any port or sea is committed, who shall happen to meet this ship under sail, or into whose fleet she shall fall, or in whose ports she shall happen to stay, that in regard of the friendship and alliance which is between every of them, or their superiors, and His Majesty of Great Britain, our Most Gracious Sovereign, or His Majesty of Sweden, our Most Gracious Sovereign, that they would not only suffer and permit the said master with the ship N. the persons, goods, and merchandize belonging thereunto, without any let or hindrance, freely to make his voyage, but also, (if he think convenient to go any where else from the said port) that they would do him all civil offices, as a subject of His Majesty the King of Great Britain, or of the King of Sweden, expecting the like returns from His Majesty, the King of Great Britain, or His Majesty the King of Sweden, His officers and subjects in the like or other case. In witness whereof, we have subscribed these presents, and sealed the same with the common seal of our city. Dated, &c.

Whenever, therefore, any the merchandize, goods, vessels, or men belonging to either, their people and subjects, shall be met with, either in open sea, or in any channel, haven, road, land, or any other place by the ships of war, public or private, or by any the people, subjects, and inhabitants of the other, or shall happen to be in one place with them, they producing their letters of safeconduct and certificates aforesaid, shall have nothing farther exacted of them, no search made, either of goods, vessels, or men, much less shall they receive any damage, injury, or molestation, but shall be suffered to pass on with freedom to pursue their occasions. But if this stated and appointed form of certificate be not produced, and there be just cause of suspicion, then the ship ought to be visited, which (it is to be understood) shall be allowed only in such and no other case. And if any the people and subjects of either side shall do or commit any thing, contrary to the proper sense of this present Article, either Confederate shall take care that severe punishment be inflicted on the offender, and cause full and speedy satisfaction to be made to the parties wronged for all costs and damages.

XIII. Neither of the said Confederates shall suffer the ships, vessels, goods, or merchandize of the other, His people or subjects, taken at sea or elsewhere by His enemies or rebels, to be carried into His ports or Dominions, but shall publicly forbid the same to be done; but if any ships, vessels, goods, or merchandize of either, His people or subjects, taken at sea or elsewhere, shall be brought by any the enemy or rebel of the Confederates, or either of them, into the ports and Territories of the other, He shall not suffer the same, or any part thereof, to be sold in that port, or other His Dominions; but shall take care that the master of the ship or vessel so taken, as also the seamen and other passengers, shall, immediately upon their arrival, be set free, together with all the prisoners who are subjects of the other kingdom, and shall not suffer the said ship. or vessel to remain in that port, but forthwith dismiss the same with all its goods, merchandize and burthen; provided always that by this Article no prejudice be done to the Agreements heretofore made with other nations by either of the Confederates; but in all other cases, the said Article shall obtain full force and vigour.

XIV. In case it shall hereafter happen that during this amity and confederation, any of the people or subjects of either shall act or attempt any thing against the same, or any part thereof, either by land, sea, or other waters, this amity, confederation, and alliance, shall not be thereupon interrupted or broken off, but shall remain and continue still in full force and virtue; only in such case the particular persons which have offended, shall be punished, and no others; and justice shall be done, and satisfaction made to all persons injured within twelve months after demand thereof. And in case the persons so offending, shall not appear and submit themselves to justice, and make satisfaction within the said term, the said persons shall be declared enemies to both States, and their estates and goods whatsoever, shall be confiscated and employed to a due and full satisfaction for the wrong by them done; and their persons shall be liable to further punishment, when they shall come within the power of either State, as the quality of their offence shall deserve.

XV. This present Treaty and Confederation shall in nothing derogate from any pre-eminence, right or dominion of either Con