NOTE.-Quel may be separated from its Substantive by the verb "être," but it agrees with the Substantive just the same, as :

quel est votre nom?
quelle est cette fleur?

what is your name?

what is that flower?

EXERCISE XVI.

1. Cette boîte est grande. 2. Ces enfants sont pauvres. 3. J'ai vu le frère de ce garçon. 4. J'ai deux livres de ce café. 5. Je donne (I give) ces poires à cette fille-ci. 6. J'ai vu ces chiens-là. 7. Quels chiens avez-vous vus? 8. Quel beau cheval! 9. Quel est ce livre? 10. Le fils de cet homme-là est très-grand. 11. Quelle heure (what o'clock, lit. what hour) est-il? Il est trois heures. Il est une heure. 12. Quelle fleur a-t-elle ? Elle a une rose.

1. These boxes are great. 2. That child is poor. 3. Have you seen the sister of this boy? 4. The merchant has three pounds of this tea. 5. I give these apples to that boy (there). 6. We have seen those horses (there). 7. What horses have you seen? 8. What a beautiful house! 9. What a beautiful flower! 10. The son of that man (there) is good. 11. What o'clock is it? It is one o'clock. It is two o'clock. It is three o'clock. It is four o'clock. 12. What is that letter (lettre, fem.)?

5. Numeral Adjectives (Adjectifs numéraux).

A. CARDINAL NUMERALS (Nombres cardinaux). Cardinal Numerals denote numbers simply or absolutely,

* In the numbers marked thus (*) the et may or may not be used.

1. The Numerals remain unchanged with their Substantives, except cent and quatre-vingt.

Cent takes s when multiplied by a numeral, and not followed by another numeral, as :—

trois cents hommes,

three hundred men:

but, trois cent dix hommes, three hundred and ten men.

Vingt takes s when multiplied by the numeral quatre (four) (quatre-vingts), and not followed by another numeral,

as:

quatre-vingts écoliers, 80 pupils:

but, quatre-vingt-deux écoliers, 82 pupils.

2. Mille, thousand, never takes 8, as :—

trois mille chevaux, 3000 horses.

3. Mil is used instead of "mille" in dates, as :— l'an mil huit cent cinquante-un, the year 1851. en mil huit cent quarante-huit, in 1848, omitting the word year.

4. Il y a is used in reference to past time in such expressions as the following:

il y a trente ans,
il y a une heure,

5. In speaking of a person's

30 years ago.

an hour ago.

age, the verb " to have" is

used in French, and not the verb "to be," as in English,

as:

J'ai huit ans,

J'ai dix ans,

Frédéric a vingt ans,

I am eight years old (lit. I have eight years).
I am ten years old.

Frederick is twenty years old.

So in like manner :

Quel âge avez-vous ?
Quel âge a-t-elle ?

How old are you? (lit. What age have you?)
How old is she? (lit. What age has she?)

6. In multiplication fois, time, is used, as :

1. J'ai deux chiens. 2. Ma tante a trois chats. 3. Notre voisine a cinq enfants, quatre filles et un fils. 4. Une année a douze mois, ou trois cent soixante-cinq jours. 5. Quel âge avez-vous, Frédéric ? J'ai onze ans et mon frère a treize ans. 6. Quel âge a votre nièce? Elle a quinze ans. 7. Et votre neveu quel âge a-t-il ? Il a dix-huit ans. 8. Combien font huit et douze? Huit et douze font vingt. 9. Combien font trente et quarante-sept? Trente et quarante-sept font soixante-dix-sept. 10. Quatre fois douze font quarante-huit. 11. J'ai acheté ma maison il y a dix ans. 12. J'ai vu le garçon il y a deux heures. 13. En mil sept cent quatre-vingtneuf. 14. Le général a quatre-vingts chevaux.

1. My father has two horses. 2. Your mother has four cats. 3. Your friend (fem.) has six children, four sons and two daughters. 4. A year has three hundred and sixty-five days and six hours. 5. My nephew is nineteen years old. 6. Your niece is twenty-two years old. 7. How old is your nephew? He is thirty-one years old. 8. And your aunt, how old is she? She is forty-two years old. 9. How much do five and seven make? Five and seven make twelve. 10. How much do twenty, thirty-five, and forty-five make? Twenty, thirty-five, and forty-five, make one hundred. 11. How much do six times eight make? Six times eight make fortyeight. 12. We bought this house eighteen years ago. 13. We saw the girl four hours ago. 14. In (the year) one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.

B. ORDINAL NUMERALS (Nombres ordinaux).

Ordinal numerals denote numbers as forming part of a series or order, as :—

1st (le) premier (la) première, uni- | 3rd (le) troisième.

ème.*

4th ", quatrième.

second (la) seconde, deuxi- 5th ,, cinquième.

ème.

6th sixième.

* Unième is only used in compound numbers, as vingt et unime.

NOTE. The Indefinite Article is not used before demi, half, in French, when following a substantive, as it is in English, as :

une livre et demie,

a pound and a half.

REMARKS.

1. In speaking of the days of the month, the first day of the month is expressed in French by the Ordinal numeral le premier; but all the other days by the Cardinal numerals, and the preposition of is not translated, as :

le premier Mai, the first of May.

le deux Juin, the second of June.

le trois Août, the third of August,

&c.

2. So, in speaking of kings, the first of the name is expressed by premier (without the article); but the others of the name by the Cardinal numerals, as :

Pierre (I.) premier,
Henri (IV.) quatre,
Louis (XIV.) quatorze,
Charles (XII.) douze,

Peter the First.
Henry the Fourth.
Louis the Fourteenth.
Charles the Twelfth.