The Political Economy of Central America Since 1920

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CUP Archive, 10 déc. 1987 - 416 pages
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In this book Victor Bulmer-Thomas uses his previously unpublished estimates of the national accounts to explore economic and social development in the five Central American republics from 1920. He examines in detail variations in economic policy between countries which help to account for differences in performance. The major political developments are woven into the analysis and linked to changes in internal and external conditions. Growth under liberal oligarchic rule in the 1920s, heavily dependent on exports of coffee and bananas, was accompanied by modest reform programmes. The 1929 depression, which hit the region hard, undermined most of the reforms and ushered in a period of dictatorial rule in all republics except Costa Rica. The Second World War, particularly after the entry of the United States, at first strengthened the dictatorships, but ultimately produced challenges to rule by authoritarian caudillos. The social upheavals accompanying the post-war export-led boom forced governments in each republic to address the question of economic, social and political reform.
 

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Table des matières

reform and consolidation
25
The 1929 depression
48
Economic recovery and political reaction in the 1930s
68
end million 193945
96
Postwar economic recovery
105
The struggle for democracy the Cold War and the Labour
130
The foundations of modern exportled growth 195460
150
The illusion of a golden age 196070
175
The descent into regional crisis
230
Conclusions
267
Methodological Appendix
295
Statistical Appendix
307
Notes
338
Bibliography
387
Index
403
Droits d'auteur

External shocks and the challenge to the social order 19709
200

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Expressions et termes fréquents

Fréquemment cités

Page 398 - El desarrollo integrado de Centroamérica en la presente década: Bases y propuestas para el perfeccionamiento y la reestructuración del Mercado Común Centroamericano (13 volúmenes, Instituto Latinoamericano para la Integración, BID, Buenos Aires, 1973-1974).
Page 173 - Includes texts of the Multilateral Treaty on Free Trade and Central American Economic Integration, and the Agreement on the Regime for Central American Integration Industries.
Page 89 - Health, whose meetings were authorized by the Fifth International Conference of American States in Santiago, Chile, in 1923.
Page 185 - Such a model, if successfully executed, would have ended the economic, social and political dominance of the landowning oligarchy linked to EXA.
Page xix - Frente Farabundo Marti para la Liberation Nacional (Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front...
Page 106 - Cotton was a highly concentrated industry and cotton growers began to form a distinct social class and pressure group comparable to coffee growers (both coffee and cotton were largely in national hands). Their combined influence was strong enough to distort the fiscal system in their favor and to deny the state an equitable share in the expansion of the two industries.
Page 174 - The general treaty went into effect for Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua in June 1961 and for Honduras and Costa Rica in April and July 1962, respectively. In addition to the RII, the general treaty established a permanent secretariat (Secretaria Permanente del Tratado General de Integration Economica Centroamericana, SIECA) and a development bank (Banco Centroamericano de Integration Economica, BCIE).
Page 11 - Low population density implied ease of access to land, and it became an article of faith among both colonial and republican administrations that no one would work for wages as hired labour unless he or she was compelled; the clear implication was that the development of an export sector depended on restricting access to land and the use of force in controlling the labour supply.

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