"The operation of painting the eyelashes with a black tincture, laid on by a gold bodkin, is very tedious, and the method of shaping the eyebrows, by pulling out every single superfluous hair, was evidently most painful." p. 158.

"This curious practice instantly brought to our recollection certain passages of Scripture, wherein mention is made of a custom among oriental women of putting the eyes in painting,? and which our English translators of the Bible, unable to reconcile with their notions of a female toilet, have rendered เ painting the face."" Note, in p. 180.

"We saw in the fields, among the barilla plant, many of the famed devouring locusts, which in clouds actually darken, at times, the rays of the sun in Egypt. They resemble in shape a grasshopper, but are thicker and larger, and are of a light brown colour. Fortunately for this country, they seldom commit depredations here as in Egypt; yet they sometimes occasion serious apprehensions to the Moors, who dread their numbers increasing so as to make their approach fatal to the harvest." p. 296.

It is right, however, after the many examples we have given of the peculiar evils incident to Moorish society, and the vices belonging to Moorish character, to mention one or two features which, if they do not serve in all respects as models, may, at least, provoke Christians to emulation.

"The appearance of the Moors at prayer was as solemn as it was strange. They were at that part of the service which obliged them to prostrate themselves and salute the earth the whole congregation was accordingly in this CHRIST. OBSERV. No. 187,

posture, absorbed in silent adoration. Nothing seemed capable of withdrawing their attention for a moment from the object they were engaged on. The eye was alternately directed from earth to heaven, and from heaven to earth again, uncaught by any objects around, unheeded even by each other. They seemed wholly enwrapped in the prayers they offered up, in this humble manner, from the ground." p. 7.

A chief of a party of the Bey's troops, pursued by the Arabs, lost his way, and was benighted near the enemy's camp. Passing the door of a tent which was open, he stopped his horse, and implored assistance, being almost overcome and exhausted with fatigue and thirst. The warlike Arab bid his

enemy enter his tent with confidence, and treated him with all the hospitality and respect for which his people are so famous. The highest among them, like the heroes of old, wait on their guest. A man of rank, when visited by a stran ger, quickly fetches a lamb from his flock, and kills it, and his wife superintends her women in dressing it in the best manner. With some of the Arabs the primitive custom of washing the feet is yet adopted, and this compliment is performed by the head of the family. Their supper was the best of the fatted lamb roasted; their dessert, dates and honour more particularly her husband's dried fruit; and the lady of the tent, to guest, set before him a dish of boseen of her own making. It was of flour and water kneaded into a paste, and left on a cloth to rise while the fire was lighted'; then throwing it on the embers, and turning it often, it was taken off half baked, broke into pieces, and kneaded again with new milk, oil, and salt, made into the shape of a pudding, and garnished with kadeed, which is small bits of mutton dried and salted in the highest manner.

"Though these two chiefs were opand friendship to each other, recounting posed in war, they talked with candour

the achievements of themselves and their ancestors, when a sudden paleness overspread the countenance of the host. He started from his seat and retired, and in a few moments afterwards sent word to his guest that his bed was prepared, and all things ready for his repose; that he was not well himself, and could not attend to finish the repast; that he had examined the Moor's horse, and found it too much exhausted to bear him through a hard journey the next day, but that 3 P

before sunrise an able horse, with every accommodation, would be ready at the door of the tent, where he would meet him, and expect him to depart with all expedition. The stranger, not able to account farther for the conduct of his host, retired to rest.

"An Arab waked him in time to take refreshment before his departure, which was ready prepared for him; but he saw none of the family till he perceived, on reaching the door of the tent, the master of it holding the bridle of his horse, and supporting his stirrups for him to mount, which is done among the Arabs as the last office of friendship. No sooner was the stranger mounted than his host announced to him, that through the whole of the enemy's camp he had not so great an enemy to dread as himself. • Last night,' said he, in the exploits of your ancestors, you discovered to me the murderer of my father. There lie all the habits he was slain in, (which were at that moment brought to the door of the tent,) over which, in the presence of my family, I have many times sworn to revenge his death, and to seek the blood of his murderer from sunrise to sunset. The sun has not yet risen, the sun will be no more than risen when I pursue you, after you have in safety quitted my tent, where, fortunately for you, it is against our religion to molest you after your having sought my protection, and found a refuge there; but all my obligations cease as soon as we part, and from that moment you must consider me as one determined on your destruction, in whatever part, or at whatever distance we may meet again. You have not mounted a horse inferior to the one that stands ready for myself; on its swiftness surpassing that of mine depends one of our lives, or both.' After saying this he shook his adversary by the hand, and parted from him. The Moor, profiting by the few moments he had in advance, reached the Bey's army in time to escape his pursuer, who followed him closely, as near the enemy's camp as he could with safety. This was certainly a striking trait of hospitality; but it was no more than every Arab and every Moor in the same circumstances would do." pp. 79-81.

แ Eight people in the last seven days, who were employed as providers for the house, have taken the plague and died. He who was too ill to return with what he had brought, consigned the articles to his next neighbour, who faithfully finishing his commission, as has always

been done, of course succeeded his unfor

tunate friend in the same employment, if he wished it, or recommended another; it has happened that Moors, quite above such employment, have with an earnest charity delivered the provisions to the Christians who had sent for them. The Moors perform acts of kindness at present which, if attended by such dreadful circumstances, would be very rarely met with in most parts of Christendom. An instance very lately occurred of their philanthropy. A Christian lay an object of misery, neglected and forsaken; self-preservation having taught every friend to fly from her pestilential bed, even her mother! But she found in the barbarian a, paternal hand: passing by, he heard her moans, and concluded she was the last of her family; and finding that not the case, he beheld her with sentiments of compassion mixed with horror. He sought for assistance, and till the plague had completed its ravages, and put an end to her sufferings, he did not lose sight of her, disdaining her Christian friends, who left her to his benevolent care." pp. 88, 89.

There occasionally occur, indeed, even in a barbarous state of society, where nothing is safe or sacred, except felons in a sanctuary, bright spots, which impart a more vivid delight than would seem attainable in the uniform atmosphere of a civilized community; just as an oasis in the desert is more capable of inspiring pleasure than all the beauties of nature, when familiar to the eye. The delight given and received on some interesting occasions detailed in this volume is of this nature, and is almost sufficient to redeem a state of barbarism, insecurity, and tyranny, from much of the horror which attaches to it.

But we need not envy a delight so dearly purchased, and of which the majority of human beings must ever be deprived: nor is highwrought feeling indeed so favoura ble either to spiritual growth, or to mental improvement, as a quiet and peaceable life, which may be passed in all godliness and honesty. While, therefore, we are placed in circumstances which, we verily believe, offer fewer impediments, and more

advantages to the cultivation of that divine life to which, as Christians, we are called, than any other in the history of man, it becomes us to be thankful for our exemptions, and to seek to make a right use of our privileges, that they may not be bestowed in vain, or produce only an increase of our punishment. We have, of course, omitted much interesting matter, for which we must refer the reader to the volume itself. We have, in fact, only culled a few flowers from a rich garden, for the sake of dressing up certain moral considerations that appear

applicable to the particular situa tion of the inhabitants of our muchfavoured island.

We have spoken already of the style of the authoress, which is easy, and often graceful, though in many instances grammatically inaccurate. Her keenness of observation, taste in discriminating, and accuracy of memory, combined with her powers of description, certainly qualified her for making a judicious use of the peculiar faculties which she possessed, and for presenting the public with a volume well worthy of their attention.

GREAT BRITAIN. PREPARING for Publication:-Biblical Criticisms on the Old Testament, and Translations of Sacred Songs, with Notes, critical and explanatory, by the late Dr. Horsley;-An Encyclopædia Metropolitana, or Universal Dictionary of Knowledge, to form twenty-four volumes, 4to. with a twenty-fifth of Index, and to be published in half volumes ;-An Introduction to the critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, by T. H. Horne, 2 vols. 8vo. ;-Elements of Agriculture, by Arthur Young-Biographia Literaria, or Biographical Sketches of my Literary Life and Opinions, by S. T. Coleridge, Esq. 2 vols. 8vo. ;-Sibylline Leaves, a Collection of Poems, by the same Author. 1 vol. 8vo.;---A Practical Introduction to Botany, by the Rev. W. Bingley, Author of Animal Biography; Lectures on the History of ancient and modern Literature, translated from the German of Frederick Schlegel, 2 vols. 8vo. ;-The Holy Scriptures, illustrated by Professor Paxton, of Edinburgh,

3 vols. 8vo.

In the Press-A History of Berwick upon Tweed, and its Vicinity, comprehending a Compendium of Border History, 1 vol. 12mo. by Rev. T. Johnstone; -The Diary of the celebrated John Evelyn, Author of "The Sylva," from original MSS. in the library at Wotton, 2 vols. 4to. with portraits;-Remains of James Dusautoy, late of Emanuel College, Cambridge;-Scripture Portraits, by the Rev. R. Stevenson.

Oxford.

Chancellor's Prizes :-Latin Verses, "Regnum Persicum a Cyro fundatum," by J. S. Boone, Commoner of Christ Church. English Essay, “On the Union of Classical with Mathematical Studies," by C. A. Ogilvie, B. A. Fellow of Balliol College. Latin Essay, "Quam vim habeat ad informandos Juvenum Animos Poetarum Lectio!" by T. Arnold, B. A. Fellow of Oriel College.Sir Roger Newdigate's Prize; English Verse, "The Farnese Hercules," by J. S. Boone, Commoner of Christ Church. Cambridge.

Sir W. Browne's three gold medals for the present year are adjudged as follow :-For the Greek Ode, to Mr. G. Stainforth, Trinity College; for the Latin Ode, to Mr. W. N. Lettsom, Trinity College; for the Epigrams, to Mr. G. J. Pennington, King's College.

Colonel Beaufoy having conceived the idea of it being possible to reach the North Pole in rein-deer sledges, has directed inquiries to be made among the visiters of Spitzbergen, who agree, as might be expected, that the violence of the storms, and the drifting of the snow, render such a journey impracticable. One curious fact, however, has been ascertained, namely, that, during the spring, flights of wild geese, ducks, and other birds, take their course over Spitzbergen further North. Query, Whither are they destined?

The celebrated M. Biot, of the French

Institute, has come to this country for the purpose of accompanying Colonel Mudge, the conductor of the late national trigonometrical survey, on a philosophical expedition to the Orkneys. M. Biot has been making experiments on the seconds" pendulum at Edinburgh, while Colonel Mudge and his scientific assistant, Captain Colby, have been measuring a base of verification near Aberdeen. These operations being finished, the party have been joined by Dr. Gregory, of Woolwich, and have proceeded to the Orkneys, for the purpose of carrying on simultaneously the requisite astronomical observations, &c. connected with the survey, and also the experiments on pendulums.

Dr. Gregory, in his valuable dissertation upon weights and measures, lately reprinted from the British Review, mentions the following as furnishing invariable standards:

1. The length which must be given to an open tube or pipe, that it may yield a determinate musical sound.

2. The altitude to which a person must ascend vertically, to cause the mercury in the barometer to sink a proportional part of its height.

3. The space through which a body, falling freely from quiescence, will descend in a given time at a given place.

4. The length of a degree of a meridian in a given latitude, or from the length of a quadrant of such meridian.

5. The length of a pendulum that shall vibrate in a given interval, in a given latitude.

Of these methods, the first three are elegant in theory, but do not admit of sufficient precision in practice. The fourth method, by the magnitude of the operations on which it depends, and the variety and utility of the scientific researches which it has tended to improve and perfect, has seduced many into its adoption. The most eminent members of the Paris Academy of Sciences, Lagrange, Laplace, Lalande, Borda, &c. recommended it warmly; and two skilful astronomers, both in theory and practice, MM. Mechain and Delambre, were appointed to conduct the grand geodesic operations which were to issue in this momentous result. Yet it is now well known that the system has failed in France; and Dr. Gregory has shown, by some curious proofs, that even men of science calculate with the multitude, and afterwards reduce the vulgar measures to the scientific. He detects them frequently adopting intricate, and appa

rently arbitrary, fractional numbers, which, when reduced to popular measures, appear to be nothing more than the plain digits, one, two, three, four, &c. The deduction of a system of measures from the pendulum is, in the opinion of Dr. Gregory, the most simple and natural. The seconds' pendulum at London being 39.126 inches, that at the equator would be 38.991; that at the poles, 39-211; that at latitude 40°, 39-082; and at latitude 60°, 39.156: so that the feet in the different states of

Europe and America could not differ by more than a five-hundred-and-sixtieth part: and that difference may easily be allowed for, upon indubitable principles. He strongly recommends that the standard foot to be in future legalized, should agree either with that on Bird's scale, made for General Roy, or that on Bird's parliamentary scale of 1758, 12.000,766 inches; either of these being regarded as the 27404th part of the base on Hounslow Heath, and as equal in length to a prismatic plate that vibrates 36.469 times in five hours. He recommends, also, a decimal, instead of a duodecimal division. Of course his measures of capacity and weight are to be cubes of his measures of length.

Upon an average of nine years,the commitments for crimes, in proportion to the population of the following towns, have been estimated as follows;-in Manchester one in 140, in London one in 800, in Ireland one in 1600, and in Scotland one in 20,000! We have not at hand the means of verifying this calculation; but even taking it upon a scale much less favourable to Scotland, what an irresistible argument does it afford for the moral, religious, and mental culture of the hu

man race!

Dr. John Davy, brother to Sir Humphry Davy, has found, by observations made during a voyage to Ceylon, that the temperature of the sea, which is usually highest about noon, is somewhat higher and later than usual during a storm. Shallow water is colder than deep, in consequence of which difference of temperature, seamen, he thinks, may readily discover at night when they approach either shoals, banks, or the shore. He always found the water on the coast full two degrees colder than in the open sea.

*Dr. Davy's idea is not new, as our readers will perceive by turning to our vol. for 1802, p. 396.

Waterloo Bridge.-This noble structure, originally designated"The Strand Bridge," but the appellation of which has been since changed to commemorate the victory of Waterloo, was opened with great splendour on the 18th of June, the anniversary of that evermemorable transaction, by the Prince Regent, attended by the Dukes of York, Wellington, &c. the Lord Mayor, and numerous other persons of distinction. The structure, which is of the most durable granite, is completed with a skill, solidity, and beauty, which reflect

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